In Jujutsu, how do you gauge the 'level' of any action? What makes a technique that of a 7th Dan rather than a 7th Kyu? Embedded in the kata of Jukendo (of which I know next to nothing) is an important component of the answer - that the skill with which you are operating is in many ways a function of the quality of your opponent's actions. In the details of the Jukendo kata, we see the following: In the first kata, an opening appears and you skewer your opponent. Ideally, of course, timing, distance, footwork, technique, targetting, posture etc are all entirely correct. This is the pattern of the first four kata. In the fifth kata, the opponent essentially performs the same action as the demonstrator in the first kata, in the same manner, that is to say, timing, distance, footwork, technique, targetting, posture etc is all entirely correct. The demonstrator then defends the original technique. The opponent does not over-commit, does not do ...